Document Type : Research
Authors
1
Instructor, Horticulture Crops Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran.
2
Researcher, Soil and Water Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran.
3
Assistant Professor, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Pistachio Research Center, AREEO, Rafsanjan, Iran
Abstract
This research aims to find genotype(s) of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) that have a high ability to absorb nutrients from the soil in saline conditions, using 5 new pistachio genotypes including Garmeh and Barg Siyah pistachio, B2-R33-T3, B2-R38-T2 and B2-R34-T16 and 3 salinity levels of 8, 12 and 16 dS m-1, in the factorial split-plot arrangement based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD). It was carried out with 3 repetitions (each repetition of 2 seedlings), for 2 years (2020-2021), in the main land and by direct seeding method in Khorasan Razavi Pistachio Research Station (Faiz-Abad). The results showed that the effects of salinity on the nitrogen, magnesium, sodium, iron, manganese and boron concentration in leaves were significant at the level of one percent and on the concentration of potassium and chlorine elements at the level of five percent. The concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in leaves decreased with the increase of salinity from 8 to 16 dS m-1. At the highest level of salinity (16 dS m-1), the amount of iron and manganese in leaves was higher than the two levels of 8 and 12 dS m-1; on the contrary, the amount of boron at the salinity level of 16 dS m-1 was less than the other two salinity levels and their difference was significant. This study showed that the criteria of higher calcium absorption capacity and higher potassium/sodium ratio were more critical in selecting the genotype tolerant to salinity. According to the proposed standards, the two genotypes Kavir and Pistachio-Garmeh had the highest concentration of nutrients and the lowest amount of toxic elements in the leaves, and as the genotypes were tolerant to salinity, they will be included in pistachio breeding programs.
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