The study of morphological and phytochemical diversity of three different juniper species in North Khorasan region

Document Type : Research

Authors

1 PhD student, Islamic Azad University of Shirvan, Department of Horticultural Sciences

2 Assistant Professor, Department of horticultural sciences, Islamic Azad University of Shirvan, Iran

3 Department of Agriculture, Shirvan branch, Islamic Azad University of Shirvan, Iran

10.22092/rhsj.2025.362654.1064

Abstract

In this research, the morphological and phytochemical diversity of branches and fruits of 3 juniper species in North Khorasan region was evaluated. The studied populations belong to three species, Juniperus sabina, Juniperus polycarpus and Juniperus communis. In the morphological part, it was tried to evaluate the differences or similarities in the attributes related to the cone (cone size and number of seeds) and the height of the species. The results showed that only for species height there was a significant difference (p<0.05) at the significance level of 0.05 between the average values in three species. In the phytochemical section, the amount and type of compounds in the essential oil in each of the juniper species were checked by GC-MS. The compositions of the three studied species were somewhat different. The fruit essential oil of each species had a lower number of compounds and the average percentage of compounds was higher than the essential oil of the branch corresponding to each species. The highest percentage of compounds was related to J. communis fruit. Based on the results, 28 compounds were identified in the essential oil of the branch and 20 compounds in the essential oil of the J. communis fruit, among which J. sabina, Limonene, and Alpha-Pinene were the dominant compounds. A number of 30 compounds were identified in the essential oil of the branch and 25 compounds in the essential oil of the Sabina fruit, among which beta-flandrene, sabinen, terpinen-4-l and alpha-pinene were the dominant compounds. A number of 36 compounds were identified in the essential oil of the branch and 20 compounds in the essential oil of the J. sabina species, among which alpha-pinene, gamma-terpinene and beta-myrcene were the dominant compounds. The amount of alpha-pinene in J. polycarpus species was obtained with a higher percentage than other species.

Keywords

Research in Horticultural Sciences
Volume 4, Issue 1
September 2025
Pages 171-185

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